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090_Editoriale

Questo 90° numero della Rivista esce al termine del secondo anno del percorso della pandemia, in un periodo segnato da una accresciuta fiducia nei prodotti della scienza medica; il vaccino contro il Covid si è dimostrato efficace nel contenere gli effetti nocivi del virus anche se le ondate di contagio si rinnovano e tengono vive le inquietudini. Nella percezione collettiva sembra essersi sviluppata una certa assuefazione mentale alla presenza del virus; la narrazione mediatica della pandemia si è fatta meno aggressiva nei toni sanitari e sempre poco attenta, anzi disinteressata, al sommerso dell’epidemia psichica che analisti e psicoterapeuti stanno osservando nella pratica
professionale. [continua]

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090_Comitato di Redazione

Summary – FROM THE HELL OF THE LUST FOR POWER TO THE REALM OF THE COMMUNITY
SPIRIT. Dante, creating the Italian language, laid the foundations of the culture of a whole nation and established what should be the place of the unconscious of every Italian. Retracing the three canticles we see how, in the infernal darkness of the unconscious, there is a stirring of desire for pleasure, possession and power that stifle the desire for perfection and community spirit. With the less and less tiring ascent of Purgatory, these fictions of personal affirmation detached from the spirit of community are dismantled. The spirit of community, however, which has already been presented in Purgatory, becomes the protagonist of Paradise, where word and poetry reach a compliance that leads to the perfect identification of the individual with the community.

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090_Bignamini_Fassina_Simonelli

Summary – PSYCHOTHERAPY, ANALYSIS. FOR A RECOGNITION OF DIVERSITY IN CONTINUITY.
This paper intends to propose some reflections on the meanings and differences between psychotherapy and analysis from an Adlerian psychodynamic perspective, despite the continuity of the processes of care, transformation and change. The work starts from the historical-cultural and normative differences that accompanied the definition of the professional figures of analyst and psychotherapist, and also deepens the social dimension attributed to them, and then delves into the search for a different sense between psychotherapy and analysis. On the one hand, the psychotherapist, whose task of welcoming and treating the patient’s suffering, and often psychopathology, is directed and socially oriented to the search for a new condition of adaptive equilibrium in which patient’s life takes on (more) sense, towards the redefinition of a meaning of life in the face of the suffering that threatens its meaning. On the other hand, the analyst, whose task of knowing and accompanying the patient’s world is projected into an existential exploration-knowledge that tends to be infinite, up to the point of contemplating, alongside religion and philosophy, the meaning of death. Specificity of the analysis would therefore be not so much a difference in the technique of conducting the sessions – as for a long time there has been debate in the psychoanalytic world regarding the
interpretation of transference – but its intention to accompany the analysand in the face of the radical limit
of the sense of life, in an attempt to reconcile the irreconcilable, the vital drive and the awareness of death.
The process of encouragement, in the analytic dimension, can be led up to the possibility of courageously
staying within the limits of the finitude of our life, without it losing its meaning. Here we can place the full
significance of Adler’s vital tasks.

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090_Maiullari

Summary – ADLER, AN UNFINISHED REVOLUTION, ORIENTED IN ITALY IN A PSYCHODYNAMIC SENSE BY FRANCESCO PARENTI (SOME REFERENCES TO OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDERS). CONTRIBUTION TO THE HISTORY OF INDIVIDUALPSYCHOLOGY AND ITALIAN
PSYCHOTHERAPY. Adler separated from Freud in 1911 because of revolutionary ideas that gradually, as Ellenberger says, have been acquired by most of the psychotherapeutic models. The Adlerian revolution, however, was born with two underlying problems that influenced and strengthened each other, enough to leave it unfinished. The first is related to its too wide applicative horizon: its ideal goal was to lead human development towards a new society and a new anthropological model. In other terms, this universal Messianic inspiration – which constitutes every real revolution’s essence – was also the limitation that prevented Adler from adequately developing his model, even in its two fundamental psychological components, the psychodynamic one and the psychoeducational one. The second problem is linguistic and semantic and concerns Adler’s difficulty in developing ideas in a systematic and formally relevant way; this aspect is well known to scholars, but, in my opinion, it has never been fully explicated in its theoretical and practical implications. In this article Francesco Parenti’s contribution is discussed, both in orienting the individualpsychological model in a psychodynamic sense and in getting the Adlerian text out of the nebulous aura that affects it: a necessary operation that made him pay the price of philological correctness (in the article
constant reference is made to obsessive neurosis).

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090_Amianto et Alii

Summary – THE BRIEF ADLERIAN PSYCHODYNAMIC PSYCHOTHERAPY IN ANOREXIA NERVOSA: DO PERSONALITY TRAITS PREDICT WEIGHT CHANGES? A PRELIMINARY STUDY.
Anorexia nervosa (AN) still represents a significant therapeutic challenge due to its complex pathogenesis
centered on attachment and early care deficits, responsible for blocking the development of the self in adolescence. In fact, although it has been shown that some types of psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy are able to adequately treat this disorder in the context of a multidisciplinary care approach, the response to treatments is still very variable and there are no specific indicators of the outcome of the treatment. Brief Adlerian psychodynamic psychotherapy (B-APP) is a brief psychotherapeutic approach applied for many years to the multidisciplinary treatment of anorexia nervosa with promising results. The present study aims to verify the outcome of a psychotherapeutic treatment with B-APP integrated with nutritional interventions and family counseling, on a group of 85 participants affected by anorexia nervosa, through the detection of changes in BMI, in the binge-purging behaviors, and in the personality traits measured by Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory. The study shows an overall improvement in BMI with an overcoming of the pathological threshold in the sample mean. The improvement is most significant in the group of AN participants with binge-purging (AN-BP). There is also a marked reduction in binge-purging in the AN-BP group. There are significant changes affecting some personological dimensions and sub-dimensions (reduction of the harm avoidance in the AN-BP participants, reduction of persistence and increase of extravagance in the AN-R). The data of this study highlight the effectiveness of B-APP in the treatment of AN. In particular, this therapeutic approach centered on welcoming the patient’s frailties and on the constant calibration of the therapeutic distance appears particularly effective in overcoming the resistance of patients with AN-BP that the literature has often considered more resistant to treatment. Despite the limitations of the study, the evidence supports the application of B-APP in the multimodal treatment of AN.

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090_Giampaoli_Varga

Summary – EXPLORING “THE WONDERFUL” WITH ADLERIAN PSYCHODRAMA FOR DEVELOPMENTAL AGE OF HANNA KENDE. EXPERIENCES AND REFLECTIONS ON A PREVENTIVE
AND PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC METHOD EVEN IN CONDITIONS OF TRAUMA. When a child experiences a condition of trauma its development may be blocked and disharmony or symptoms may emerge.
They reflect the impact of unprocessed events, not communicable, not shareable, often difficult to decode.
Adlerian group psychodrama for the developmental age, with its implantation based on the imagination and
resources of the child, constitutes a way of access to the internal world of the child and a valid therapeutic
tool even in situations of childhood trauma. The authors will present here their reflections on this aspect
and some clinical vignette.

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090_De Dionigi

Summary – OVERFLOWING OF DISSOCIATION: A FERTILIZER FOR THE FIELDS OF PSYCHOSOMATIC? First the characteristics of the dissociation construct are described, which has been increasingly dilated in recent years to occupy even the field of psychosomatics. The concepts of operative thought and alexithymia are analyzed by linking them to a deficit in mentalization skills. Described the anatomical-physiological and cultural characteristics that facilitate or prevent the development of mentalization capacity, the assumptions based on the newborn-caregiver interrelation are highlighted. Some suggestions are then given on how an Adlerian psychotherapy of psychosomatic disorders can develop. Finally it ends with a non-useful application of the dissociated conceptual work to explain the psychogenesis of psychosomatic disorders.